A global crisis for seagrass ecosystems
Abstract
Seagrasses, marine flowering plants, have a long evolutionary history but are now challenged with rapid environmental changes as a result of coastal human population pressures.Seagrasses provide key ecological services, including organic carbon production and export, nutrient cycling, sediment stabilization, enhanced biodiversity, and trophic transfers to adjacent habitats in tropical and temperate regions.They also serve as "coastal canaries," global biological sentinels of increasing anthropogenic influences in coastal ecosystems, with large-scale losses reported worldwide.Multiple stressors, including sediment and nutrient runoff, physical disturbance, invasive species, disease, commercial fishing practices, aquaculture, overgrazing, algal blooms, and global warming, cause seagrass declines at scales of square meters to hundreds of square kilometers.Reported seagrass losses have led to increased awareness of the need for seagrass protection, monitoring, management, and restoration.However, seagrass science, which has rapidly grown, is disconnected from public awareness of seagrasses, which has lagged behind awareness of other coastal ecosystems.There is a critical need for a targeted global conservation effort that includes a reduction of watershed nutrient and sediment inputs to seagrass habitats and a targeted educational program informing regulators and the public of the value of seagrass meadows.
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Chronic light limitation lowers seagrass productivity and contributes to areal loss of seagrass habitats.
“Chronic light limitation had been shown to lower seagrass productivity and contribute to the accelerating areal loss of these habitats [6–8].”
From Light Levels Affect Carbon Utilisation in Tropical Seagrass under Ocean Acidification (2016) · cites this paper as [6]
The discussion of multiple stressors says excess sediments and nutrients cause seagrass decline and loss across areas of varying size. The passage on light requirements says seagrasses are highly responsive to changes in water clarity, supporting the connection between reduced light and habitat loss. Our copy does not explicitly report that chronic light limitation lowers seagrass productivity. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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Kidwell, S. M. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0707194104 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Mediterranean Bioconstructions Along the Italian Coast
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Introduced species in seagrass ecosystems: Status and concerns
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Self-citationMeasuring the role of seagrasses in regulating sediment surface elevation
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- Authors
- ORTH, R. J., CARRUTHERS, T. J. B., DENNISON, W. C., DUARTE, C. M., FOURQUREAN, J. W., HECK, K. L., HUGHES, A. R., KENDRICK, G. A., KENWORTHY, W. J., OLYARNIK, S., SHORT, F. T., WAYCOTT, M., & WILLIAMS, S. L.
- Affiliations
- University of New Hampshire (US)
- University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science (US)
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Dauphin Island Sea Lab (US)
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US)
- James Cook University (AU)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- BioScience
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 987
- ISSN
- 0006-3568 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2114056667
- Cited by
- 3,100
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 160 · 2025: 166 · 2024: 167 · 2023: 169 · 2022: 221 · 2021: 212 · 2020: 218 · 2019: 182 · 2018: 217 · 2017: 207 · 2016: 190 · 2015: 145 · 2014: 184 · 2013: 146 · 2012: 115
- FWCI
- 49.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- BioScience (publishedVersion)
- ResearchOnline at James Cook University (James Cook University) (submittedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
- University of New Hampshire Scholars Repository (University of New Hampshire at Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- BioOne Complete (BioOne) (submittedVersion)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion)
- Knowledge Repository of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, CAS (Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (0072909)
- Florida International University
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine and coastal plant biology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Keywords
- seagrass decline, seagrass conservation, coastal ecosystem services, nutrient runoff, sediment contamination, multiple stressors, seagrass restoration, public awareness, global warming, invasive species, algal blooms, overgrazing, aquaculture impacts
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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